Archimedes of Syracuse was a Greek mathematician, physicist, engineer, inventor, and astronomer. Although few details of his life are known, he is regarded as one of the leading scientists in classical antiquity. He established the foundations of hydrostatics and statics and explained the principle of the lever. He is credited with designing innovative machines, such as the Archimedes' screw, and siege engines to defend his native Syracuse. His most famous anecdote involves him jumping out of a bath and running naked through the streets shouting 'Eureka!' (I have found it!) after realizing that the volume of water displaced was equal to the volume of the part of his body he had submerged, allowing him to measure the density of a golden crown.