The first compasses were invented in China during the Han Dynasty, initially for divination and geomancy (Feng Shui) rather than navigation. These early devices consisted of a lodestone (naturally magnetized iron ore) carved into the shape of a spoon or ladle, which balanced on a smooth bronze plate; the handle would always point south. By the Song Dynasty (11th century), the technology evolved into the magnetized needle, which was more accurate and portable. This allowed sailors to navigate the open seas with confidence, even when the sun and stars were obscured by clouds. The introduction of the compass to the West in the late 12th century paved the way for the Age of Discovery, enabling European explorers like Columbus and Magellan to cross oceans. It remains one of the most vital tools in the history of global exploration and trade.