Raymond Damadian, Paul Lauterbur, and Peter Mansfield developed MRI, which uses powerful magnets and radio waves to create detailed images of the body’s internal organs and tissues. Unlike X-rays, MRI does not use ionizing radiation, making it safer for repeated use. It works by aligning the hydrogen atoms in the body and measuring how they react to radio pulses. This invention revolutionized neurology and oncology, allowing doctors to detect tumors, strokes, and spinal cord injuries with unprecedented clarity.