While the Enigma code was broken using the Bombe, the much more complex German 'Lorenz' cipher required a new kind of machine. Tommy Flowers, a British engineer, designed 'Colossus,' the world's first programmable, electronic, digital computer. Unlike earlier mechanical calculators, it used 1,600 vacuum tubes to process data at high speeds. Ten Colossus machines were used at Bletchley Park, providing high-level intelligence directly from Hitler's headquarters. After the war, Churchill ordered the machines destroyed and the blueprints burned to keep the technology secret, meaning it was decades before Colossus was recognized as the ancestor of modern computing.