In December 1790, the U.S. Congress assembled in Philadelphia for its first full session in the city, which had become the temporary capital. Lawmakers debated issues such as assumption of state debts, establishment of a national bank, and excise taxes. The December gathering showed how the new federal government was beginning to function under the Constitution. It brought together representatives from across the states in a setting that was still adjusting to national institutions. Decisions made in those early sessions shaped the financial and political structures of the republic. The meetings highlighted Philadelphia’s role as a major center of national politics before the move to Washington, D.C.
