Ernesto 'Che' Guevara was an Argentine Marxist revolutionary, physician, and guerrilla leader. After traveling across South America and witnessing widespread poverty and hunger, he became convinced that only armed revolution could end the exploitation of the continent by the United States and local oligarchies. He played a central role in the Cuban Revolution alongside Fidel Castro, serving as a top commander and later as a government official. Guevara was an advocate for 'foco' theory—the idea that small groups of guerrillas could spark broader uprisings. He was captured and executed in Bolivia in 1967 while attempting to start a similar revolution there. His stylized portrait (Guerrillero Heroico) has become an ubiquitous global symbol of rebellion and counterculture, though his legacy remains polarized between those who see him as a hero for the poor and those who see him as a ruthless ideologue.