Fact Finder - History

Fact
Global Positioning System (GPS)
Category
History
Subcategory
Inventions
Country
United States
Description
GPS was originally developed by the U.S. Department of Defense to allow military units to determine their exact location anywhere on Earth. The system relies on a constellation of at least 24 satellites orbiting the planet, each carrying precise atomic clocks. By calculating the time it takes for signals from multiple satellites to reach a receiver, the device can determine its latitude, longitude, and altitude through trilateration. While it began as a military project (NAVSTAR), it was opened to civilian use in the 1980s and fully operational by 1995. GPS has fundamentally changed modern life, enabling everything from turn-by-turn car navigation and efficient maritime shipping to the synchronization of global financial networks and the functioning of ride-sharing apps like Uber. It is arguably the most important utility provided by space-based technology.