Afghanistan
Just days after the abdication of his father, King Inayatullah Khan assumed power but was forced to step down on January 17, 1929. His reign lasted only three days as Habibullah Kalakani’s rebel army captured Kabul. The fall of the capital represented the complete collapse of the Amanullah dynasty’s efforts to modernize Afghanistan. Kalakani declared himself Emir, marking a brief return to traditionalism. The event underscored Afghanistan’s historical cycle of reform, resistance, and reversal.
